Bolshoi Allo, Fann Mountains, Sughd, Tajikistan

Bolshoi Allo Lake In Tajikistan’s Fann Mountains

Updated February 2023, Bolshoi Allo Lake In Tajikistan’s Fann Mountains was originally published in August 2020

The beautiful lake of Bolshoi Allo is one of my favorite places to set up camp and kick back for a couple of days or more (it’s quite the effort to get here anyway). Set in an amphitheater of jagged, glacially carved peaks and surrounded by juniper trees, Bolshoi Allo is the perfect reward after taking on the grueling Chimtarga Pass, the highest non-technical pass in the Fann Mountains to arrive here.

Bolshoi Allo’s waters are ice cold, fed by the Zindon River that tumbles down from precarious glaciers clung to the faces of Gora Chimtarga and Gora Energia, and from the glaciers that tumble down from Pik Moskva via the Left Zindon (Левый Зиндон) River, feeding Vierkyni Allo Lake on its way down. Being glacially fed not only makes the waters here freezing cold, but also gives the lake its stunning teal-turquoise color.

See more in my Fann Mountains trekking guide

Wanna join an epic trek in the Fann Mountains?

I will be leading a 12 day trek that takes in the best of Tajikistan’s Fann Mountains this summer! The trek will take place August 1-12, 2023, and begin and end in the Tajik capital of Dushanbe. Spots are filling quickly, so click here if you’d like to join or see the full Fann Mountains trek itinerary and details.

Bolshoi Allo, Fann Mountains, Tajikistan

Bolshoi Allo is somewhat bean-shaped as it curves around the face of Pik Allo to the west where the lake ends abruptly at a pile of boulders that continue to tumble down to the west following the Zindon River Valley.

Bolshoi Allo was formed by this boulder dam at the lake’s western shores that I can only assume was the result of an earthquake since this area is quite prone. The Zindon River does manage to squeeze out between boulders to continue to flow in a westerly direction until it meets and joins with the Amshut River, which flows out into the larger Archamaidon River.

There are several ways to access Bolshoi Allo Lake, which I will cover below, though the route over Chimtarga Pass is the most common. If you’re just starting to plan your visit to Tajikistan I recommend picking up a copy of Bradt Tajikistan, as well as a copy of Trekking in Tajikistan which covers how to reach Bolshoi Allo.

Wanna hike in Tajikistan? Check out the 10 best treks in Tajikistan for more ideas

Fann Mountains, Tajikistan — Views from Chimtarga Pass

Bolshoi Allo via Chimtarga Pass

Duration: 2 days · 1 night
Elevation: Up 1,230 meters · down 1,560 meters
Distance: 13 kilometers

Bolshoi Allo Map — Click map to view on Google Maps

For this routing, you’ll likely start at either Artuch Basecamp near Kulikalon Lakes or Vertical Alovaddin Basecamp near Lake Alovaddin.

From Lake Alovaddin you’ll continue up to Mutnyi Lake from which you’ll begin your ascent up 4,740 meter Chimtarga Pass. Many opt to camp between Mutnyi and the top of the pass, while others (like me) will choose to get up and over the pass in a single day, this is entirely up to you and what you’re comfortable with.

Once over the pass try to follow the somewhat viable path through loose rocks down into the Zindon River Valley. Once in the valley, you’ll simply follow the course of the valley until you reach Bolshoi Allo Lake on your right side.

Read my in-depth guide to Crossing Chimtarga Pass

Chimtarga Pass, Chimtarga, Fann Mountains, Tajikistan

Via The Archamaidon & Amshut Rivers

Duration: 1 day
Elevation: Down 1,540 meters
Distance: 10 kilometers

Bolshoi Allo to Archamaidon Map — Click map to view on Google Maps

This routing would be used by those that are starting from the Archamiadon Valley, Haft Kul, Iskanderkul (via Dukdon Pass), etc. If you are planning to access Bolshoi Allo from Chimtarga Pass, this is the most common exit (in reverse of my description you’re about to read).

Amshut, Archamaidon, Fann Mountains Tajikistan — Near the meeting of the Amshut and Archamaidon Rivers

From The Archmaidon River, you’ll follow the Amshut River to the east. The river does split about two kilometers after you lead the Archamaidon, you’ll want to continue due east as this is the Zindon River. You’ll follow a path that climbs higher and higher, passing the occasional family yurt and shepherding stone house.

Eventually, you will reach the lake of Maloye Allo, which is best observed in the early morning while the waters remain motionless presenting perfect reflections of the mountains across the Archamaidon Valley if viewed from Maloye Allo’s eastern side, and the braided layers of craggy mountains lining the Zindon Valley if viewed from the western shore of the small lake.

Maloye Allo, Zindon River, Zindon Valley, Fann Mountains, Tajikistan — Maloye Allo looking west

From Maloye Allo the trail continues along the valley floor where the Zindon River can take different courses so you may need to take off your boots and cross in certain spots or boulder hop across others.

Zindon River, Zindon Valley, Fann Mountains, Sughd, Tajikistan — The narrows just above Maloye Allo in the Zindon Valley (looking west)

After this stretch, the valley widens a bit where you’ll begin getting to the bottom layer of the large boulders forming the dam over the Zindon River. You’ll meander your way around and up and over the boulder dam to eventually start into the twisted Archa forest* that continues up to the shores of Bolshoi Allo.

*Archa is the Tajik name for Juniper Tree.

Chimtarga, Energia, Fann Mountains, Tajikistan, Bolshoi Allo, Zindon Valley — The boulder dam and juniper forest

Via Dvainoi Pass (From Maslokhateppe & Iskanderkul Or Kaznok Pass)

From Sarytag:

Duration: 2 days · 1 night
Elevation: Up 1,910 meters · down 1,540 meters
Distance: 32 kilometers

From Mutnyi (Kaznok Pass):

Duration: 2 days · 1 night
Elevation: Up 730 meters · down 890 meters
Distance: 18 kilometers

Lake Biriuzavnoe Map — Click map to view on Google Maps

I was actually supposed to do this route (in reverse from Bolshoi Allo) to end up at Iskanderkul in September 2019, but we decided to save it for later thanks to a perilously narrow, downward sloping ledge that neither I or my friend Lana thought we’d be able to make it past without a large likelihood of plunging into the ice-cold waters of Bolshoi Allo without any equipment to safely anchor ourselves.

In summer of 2021, I returned to Tajikistan and finally was able to visit Lake Biriuzavnoe. I accessed it from the mining road that goes from Sarytag and past Maslokhateppe, the foot of Kaznok Pass, and ends just below the lake.

Lake Biriuzavnoe, Fann Mountains, Tajikistan — FYI: Lake Biriuzavnoe is still mostly froze over, even in mid-June

For a decent description of this section, (that is, Bolshoi Allo-Dvainoi Pass-Lake Biriuzovoe-Kishinevskii Pass-Maslokhateppe) I recommend purchasing Jan Bakker’s Trekking in Tajikistan.

If you plan to access Bolshoi Allo from Iskanderkul via this routing, you’ll want to first follow the Karakul River to the west from Iskanderkul Lake and the nearby village of Sarytag.

Sarytag, Fann Mountains, Tajikistan — Coming up on Sarytag

Karakul River Valley, Sarytag, Tajikistan, Fann Mountains — Karakul River Valley

You’ll eventually veer to the north, following the Arkh River to a place referred to as Maslokhateppe near a shepherding camp and an old Soviet weather station.

From Maslokhateppe you’ll continue to the west, following the course of the Biob River to eventually cross over Kishinevskii Pass and onto the beautiful Lake Biriuzavoe.

From Lake Biriuzavoe you’ll continue over Dvainoi Pass and then follow the Left Zindon River past Vierkyni Allo and onto the perilous narrow stretch that brings you around to the best camping sites around Bolshoi Allo.

If accessing this area from Kaznok Pass, you’ll continue up the Kaznok Pass from Mutnyi Lake which I mentioned earlier. Once over Kaznok Pass, rather than following the Kaznok River down to Maslokhateppe and down to Iskanderkul, you can follow the Kaznok River the other direction, to the west and where it meets with another river you’ll follow the river coming from the southwest to arrive at Lake Biriuzavoe.

From Lake Biriuzavoe, follow the remainder of the steps mentioned above.

Fann Mountains, Fann Mountinas Guide, Lakes Loop Tajikistan, Lakes Loop trek, Chimtarga, Chimtarga Pass, Fann Mountains, Fanski Gory, Tajikistan, Mutnyi Lake — Mutnyi Lake

Mazalat Pass, Fann Mountains, Fann Mountains Guide, Tajikistan — The top of Mazalat Pass, just mere meters to the east of Kaznok Pass

As I haven’t completed the route between Bolshoi Allo and Sarytag, the map above I placed the route from satellite images, so it may not be entirely exact.

What To Pack For Your Adventure To Bolshoi Allo

Of course, you’ll want to have enough food to carry you through your intended number of days to complete your trek from start to finish. Click here to see my full list of trekking gear to take with you.